This article discusses a research methodology, the Peace and Conflict Gender Analysis, used by UNIFEM in the Solomon Islands to investigate women’s and men’s experiences of armed conflict and peace building. The simple methodology enables a deeper understanding of the gender dimensions of conflict and peace. This includes issues such as moving beyond stereotyped conceptions of men-as-combatants and women-as-victims, challenging gender-role stereotypes, demonstrating the significance of traditional gender roles, and highlighting genderrelated tensions arising in the post-conflict context. Finally, the article highlights how the results of the research have important implications for post-conflict recovery and peace building programmes.