Women fishers play critical roles in household food security, nutrition and income generation in Fiji, but their work and contributions are undervalued, underestimated, and overlooked. Recognising the role of women in fisheries can have profound implications for sustainable fisheries management, poverty alleviation and development policy. This national study was therefore conducted to gain a better understanding and to quantify the role of Indigenous (iTaukei) women fishers in coastal fisheries in Fiji. Over 1,200 women fishers in 113 villages and 11 provinces across Fiji were interviewed between November 2017 and April 2018. Overall, the study showed that women fishers are increasingly bridging two worlds. They still carry out traditional household tasks while fishing close to the village, using low technology techniques, to provide the main source of protein for the household. However, more and more, women are selling at least part of their catch and fishing in areas historically considered the domain of men (e.g. coral reefs) and are expressing a desire to further modernise their fishing techniques.