The research was commissioned by Caritas, Australia, as an attempt to explore the role of men and masculinities as a possible cause of gender-based violence, and therefore as the key to a solution. The intended outcomes include: an overview of men’s roles and masculinities in PNG society in the 21st century (how and why this has changed); what both men and women view as possible strategies in addressing the link between masculinities and violence. Can these strategies realistically be employed?; and identification of who (what agencies or CBO’s both within and outside the Church network) would be ideally placed to facilitate/implement possible strategies/initiatives towards reducing violent behaviour by working with men.